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How to vote

✶ United Kingdom · four nations · 48,224,212 electors in 2024

One Parliament,
five voting systems.

The UK elects 650 MPs by first-past-the-post, but Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland elect their own parliaments by three different proportional methods, and councils and mayors add more. Whoever commands the confidence of the House of Commons governs.

Build a majority → How to vote

The swingometer · 649 seats, each set at the swing that would unseat its 2024 winner · needle: 5.9-point swing Lab → Reform in the polling average of 2 November 2026 · 55 seats change hands on a uniform swing

House of Commons · 4 November 2026

404
Lab MPs.

Labour holds 404 of 650 seats. With 8 members not voting, 322 wins a division: a working majority of 166.

267 MPs (41%) are women. 8 have no recorded vote this Parliament: Sinn Féin and Speaker.

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Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Liberal Democrats · 71 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Independent · 12 Reform UK · 8 Reform UK · 8 Reform UK · 8 Reform UK · 8 Reform UK · 8 Reform UK · 8 Reform UK · 8 Reform UK · 8 Scottish National Party · 8 Scottish National Party · 8 Scottish National Party · 8 Scottish National Party · 8 Scottish National Party · 8 Scottish National Party · 8 Scottish National Party · 8 Scottish National Party · 8 Green · 5 Green · 5 Green · 5 Green · 5 Green · 5 Democratic Unionist Party · 4 Democratic Unionist Party · 4 Democratic Unionist Party · 4 Democratic Unionist Party · 4 Plaid Cymru · 4 Plaid Cymru · 4 Plaid Cymru · 4 Plaid Cymru · 4 Social Democratic & Labour Party · 2 Social Democratic & Labour Party · 2 Your Party · 2 Your Party · 2 Alliance · 1 Restore Britain · 1 Traditional Unionist Voice · 1 Ulster Unionist Party · 1
322 wins a division
  • Lab 404
  • Con 118
  • Lib Dem 71
  • Ind 12
  • Reform 8
  • SNP 8
  • SF 7
  • Green 5
  • DUP 4
  • Plaid 4
  • 7 others 9

Seats: UK Parliament ↗ · largest party on the left

Who holds office

Crown, Cabinet
and the nations.

  • Monarch Charles III Since 8 September 2022 Head of state
  • Prime Minister Andy Burnham Since 20 July 2026 Labour · MP for Makerfield
  • Chancellor of the Exchequer John Healey Since 20 July 2026
  • Foreign Secretary Ed Miliband Since 20 July 2026
  • Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood Since 5 September 2025
  • Leader of the Opposition Kemi Badenoch Since 2 November 2024 Conservative
  • First Minister of Scotland John Swinney Since 8 May 2024
  • First Minister of Wales Rhun ap Iorwerth Since 12 May 2026
  • First Minister of Northern Ireland Michelle O'Neill Since 3 February 2024
  • Mayor of London Sadiq Khan Since 9 May 2016
How each is chosen →

General election · 4 July 2024 · turnout 60.0%

Votes in,
seats out.

First-past-the-post rewards concentrated support. The Gallagher index of disproportionality for 2024 is 23.7 (0 is perfectly proportional).

Upper bar: vote share · lower bar: seat share. How each system counts →

Latest results

Since the
general election.

Westminster voting intention · 602 polls since July 2024

Lab leads
by 7.0 points.

10% 20% 30% 40% 8 October 2026: Holborn and St Pancras by-election (Lab hold)13 August 2026: Clacton by-election (Ref hold)20 July 2026: Andy Burnham is elected as leader of the Labour Party and subsequently becomes Prime Minister18 June 2026: Aberdeen South by-election (Con gain from SNP), Arbroath and Broughty Ferry by-election (SNP hold), and Makerfield by-election (Lab hold)7 May 2026: Local elections in England; Scottish Parliament election; Senedd election26 February 2026: Gorton and Denton by-election (Grn gain from Lab)1 May 2025: Local elections in England; Runcorn and Helsby by-election (Ref gain from Lab) Lab 29 Con 22 Reform 22 Lib Dem 10 Green 9 29 Jul 2024 2 Nov 2026
14-day average, one poll per pollster, every 7 days (8 pollsters in the latest point). Dashed lines: elections and changes of Prime Minister. Polls are not forecasts. Source: published polls collated on Wikipedia ↗

What's next

On the
calendar.

  • 5 November 2026 1 council by-election Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole
  • Scheduled so far 28 upcoming ballots From Democracy Club's register of every UK election.
  • Expected 6 May 2027 English local elections and Northern Ireland Assembly Northern Ireland's 90 MLAs must be elected on or before 6 May 2027 (STV); English councils hold their May elections. Democracy Club has reserved 6 May 2027 for the locals; ballots are not yet published.
  • Expected 15 August 2029 UK general election Parliament dissolves automatically five years after it first met (9 July 2024), so polling day can be no later than 15 August 2029; the Prime Minister can ask for an earlier dissolution.
Full calendar →

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