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Suffrage France
How to vote

✶ CNCCFP · HATVP

Capped, audited,
reimbursed.

French politics runs on small, regulated money. Companies may not give at all, individuals only a few thousand euros, and campaigns have spending ceilings checked line by line. In return the State pays: an annual grant to parties and reimbursement of up to almost half a presidential campaign.

4,600 €

Most one person may give to candidates in one election, all candidates combined.

Code électoral L52-8
7,500 €

Most one person may give to political parties in a year, all parties combined (elected officials' contributions aside).

Loi n° 88-227, as stated in the CNCCFP opinion on 2024 accounts
0 €

Companies, unions, associations and other legal persons may not fund candidates (only parties may).

Code électoral L52-8
150 €

Largest cash donation allowed to a campaign.

Code électoral L52-8 (CNCCFP guide, 2024)
66%

Share of a donation or membership fee refunded as income-tax relief, within 15,000 € per household a year.

CNCCFP opinion on 2024 accounts

Party accounts, 2024

Where parties'
money comes from.

569 parties declared 208.6 M€ of income in 2024. Public money is more than half the income of Les Républicains, LFI and the RN; the Communist Party, the largest earner, lives mostly on its members, elected officials and donors.

  1. Parti communiste français31.6 M€
  2. Rassemblement national18.7 M€
  3. Parti socialiste15.7 M€
  4. Les Républicains15.7 M€
  5. La France insoumise13.8 M€
  6. Les Écologistes8.8 M€
  7. Reconquête !5.6 M€
  8. Lutte ouvrière4.8 M€
  9. UDI (Union des démocrates européens, centristes et indépendants)2.2 M€
  10. Régions et peuples solidaires1.1 M€
  11. Parti radical de gauche1.1 M€
  12. Parti animaliste1 M€

Total income by source, the 12 largest recipients of public funding (hexagone), CNCCFP opinion on 2024 accounts, Table 9 · Journal officiel, 10 Feb 2026 ↗ · Each party's full accounts: CNCCFP ↗

Where is Renaissance? President Macron's camp receives its public funding through a joint vehicle, Ensemble (19.5 M€ in 2024), which passed it on: 13.2 M€ to Renaissance, 3.8 M€ to MoDem and 2.5 M€ to Horizons.

Public funding

65.5 M€
a year.

The grant due for 2024 to the parties of metropolitan France, based on round-one votes in the 2022 legislative election and on the parliamentarians attached to each party.

  1. Ensemble pour la majorité présidentielle 19.5 M€
  2. Rassemblement national 10.2 M€
  3. Les Républicains 9.5 M€
  4. La France insoumise 7.9 M€
  5. Parti socialiste 4.7 M€
  6. Les Écologistes 3.2 M€
  7. UDI 2.2 M€
  8. Parti communiste français 2.1 M€
  9. Reconquête ! 1.6 M€
  10. Régions et peuples solidaires 1.1 M€
  11. Parti radical de gauche 905 k€
  12. Alliance centriste 745 k€
  13. Parti animaliste 411 k€
  14. Lutte ouvrière 371 k€

by votes · by parliamentarians · CNCCFP opinion, Table 6

How it works

The annual grant, step by step

Step 1 of 4 · First fraction

Votes

Half of the annual public grant is shared by votes won in round one of the last legislative election, among parties whose candidates won at least 1% in 50 or more constituencies (special rules overseas).

The 2024 legislative election resets the first fraction from 2025. The 2025 decree, as reproduced by the law firm Landot & associés, makes the RN, first in votes, the largest recipient; we have not been able to check it against the Journal officiel, so we will add 2025 figures from the CNCCFP's next opinion.

Presidential election 2022

81.2 M€ spent,
42.2 M€ refunded.

Each candidate's spending is capped (16.9 M€ in round one, 22.5 M€ for the two finalists). The State refunds up to 47.5% of the ceiling to candidates above 5% of the vote, but only 4.75% below it: Valérie Pécresse, on 4.78%, got back 785 k€ of 13.6 M€.

  1. Emmanuel Macron27.85% in round 1 16.5 M€
  2. Marine Le Pen23.15% in round 1 10.7 M€
  3. Jean-Luc Mélenchon21.95% in round 1 13.5 M€
  4. Éric Zemmour7.07% in round 1 10.8 M€
  5. Valérie Pécresse4.78% in round 1 13.6 M€
  6. Yannick Jadot4.63% in round 1 5.2 M€
  7. Jean Lassalle3.13% in round 1 813 k€
  8. Fabien Roussel2.28% in round 1 3.9 M€
  9. Nicolas Dupont-Aignan2.06% in round 1 857 k€
  10. Anne Hidalgo1.75% in round 1 3.7 M€
  11. Philippe Poutou0.77% in round 1 811 k€
  12. Nathalie Arthaud0.56% in round 1 890 k€

Bars: spending retained by the CNCCFP (light) and State reimbursement (dark); tick: the candidate's ceiling · CNCCFP decisions, JO 27 Jan 2023 ↗

Lobbying register · HATVP

3,718 registered
interest representatives.

Since 2017, anyone who lobbies ministers, parliamentarians or senior officials must register with the High Authority for Transparency in Public Life and report each year what they lobbied on and roughly what it cost. Spending is declared in bands, so totals are estimates: about 295.7 M€ for 2025 (2,438 declarations, using band midpoints).

Largest declared spenders, 2025
  1. MEDEF 3.5 M€–3.75 M€
  2. ESL RIVINGTON 2.75 M€–3 M€
  3. TRANSDEV 2.75 M€–3 M€
  4. SANOFI WINTHROP INDUSTRIE 2.5 M€–2.75 M€
  5. ENGIE 2.25 M€–2.5 M€
  6. FRANCE ASSUREURS 1.75 M€–2 M€
  7. GOOGLE FRANCE 1.75 M€–2 M€
  8. ASSOCIATION FRANÇAISE DES ENTREPRISES PRIVÉES 1.75 M€–2 M€
  9. FEDERATION BANCAIRE FRANCAISE 1.75 M€–2 M€
  10. FÉDÉRATION DÉPARTEMENTALE DES SYNDICATS D'EXPLOITANTS AGRICOLES DE SAÔNE-ET-LOIRE 1.5 M€–1.75 M€
  11. MICROSOFT FRANCE 1.5 M€–1.75 M€
  12. UNION DES INDUSTRIES ET MÉTIERS DE LA MÉTALLURGIE 1.25 M€–1.5 M€
  13. LEEM 1.25 M€–1.5 M€
  14. SAMMAN CABINET D'AVOCATS 1.25 M€–1.5 M€
  15. TOTALENERGIES SE 1.25 M€–1.5 M€
Most lobbied topics (2025 activities)
  • Economie 3,892
  • Agriculture, agroalimentaire 3,776
  • Santé 3,505
  • Environnement 3,329
  • Finances publiques 2,270
  • Energie 2,136
  • Construction, logement, aménagement du territoire 2,081
  • Transports, logistique 1,668
  • Emploi, solidarité 1,448
  • Numérique 1,287
Who they lobbied
  • Député, sénateur, collaborateur du Président de l'Assemblée nationale ou du Président du Sénat, d’un député, d'un sénateur ou d'un groupe parlementaire, agents des services des assemblées parlementaires 12,564
  • Agent de l’État - Agent d’administration centrale de l’État 4,263
  • Titulaire d'un emploi à la décision du Gouvernement 3,241
  • Collaborateur du Président de la République 2,539
  • Membre du Gouvernement ou membre de cabinet ministériel - Economie et finances 1,044
  • Agent d’une collectivité territoriale 864

Excluded as implausible: 1 declaration(s) in the open "10 M€ and over" band (SAUVEGARDE 13). Register downloaded 2026-11-04 · HATVP open data ↗