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Suffragio Italy
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1946–2026 · 68 governments · 31 Presidents of the Council

Eighty years
of governments.

On 2 June 1946 Italians chose a republic over the monarchy. Since then the average government has lasted about fourteen months, and many fell not to a vote but to a quarrel among allies. Turn the column; each band is a government.

Drag to turn · hover a band · shortest Fanfani I (23 days) · longest Meloni I (1.475 days, since 21 October 2022)

Days in office, by the party of the President of the Council

Half a century
of Christian Democrats.

  • Democrazia Cristiana (44) 51%
  • Independent / technocrat (7) 12%
  • Forza Italia (3) 7%
  • Partito Democratico (3) 6%
  • Partito Socialista Italiano (3) 6%
  • L'Ulivo (2) 5%
  • Fratelli d'Italia (1) 5%
  • Il Popolo della Libertà (1) 4%
  • Democratici di Sinistra (2) 2%
  • Partito Repubblicano Italiano (2) 2%

Governments formed, by decade

  • 111946s
  • 91956s
  • 111966s
  • 111976s
  • 101986s
  • 61996s
  • 52006s
  • 52016s

Decades counted from 1946 (1946–55, 1956–65…). Independents are technocrats: Ciampi, Dini, Monti, Draghi; and Conte, who led two coalitions without a party card.

How Italy has voted

Six electoral
laws.

  1. 1946–1993
    Proportional representation

    Open lists with preference votes; a Christian Democrat led every government until 1981, and all but six until 1994.

  2. 1993
    Mattarellum

    After the 1993 referendum: three-quarters of seats by plurality in single-member colleges, a quarter by PR. Used 1994, 1996, 2001.

  3. 2005
    Porcellum

    Closed-list PR with a majority bonus; struck down in part by the Constitutional Court in 2014 (no threshold on the bonus, no preferences). Used 2006, 2008, 2013.

  4. 2015
    Italicum

    A bonus or a run-off for the Chamber only; the run-off was struck down in 2017, before it was ever used.

  5. 2017
    Rosatellum

    Mixed: about three-eighths single-member colleges, the rest PR, one vote. Used 2018 and 2022.

  6. 2026
    Legge 180/2026

    PR with up to three preferences and a 70-seat bonus at 42% in both chambers, capped at 220 deputies. For the next election.

Every government of the Republic

From De Gasperi
to Meloni.

#GovernmentPartyFromToDays
1 De Gasperi II Democrazia Cristiana 13/07/1946 02/02/1947 204
2 De Gasperi III Democrazia Cristiana 02/02/1947 31/05/1947 118
3 De Gasperi IV Democrazia Cristiana 31/05/1947 23/05/1948 358
4 De Gasperi V Democrazia Cristiana 23/05/1948 27/01/1950 614
5 De Gasperi VI Democrazia Cristiana 27/01/1950 26/07/1951 545
6 De Gasperi VII Democrazia Cristiana 26/07/1951 16/07/1953 721
7 De Gasperi VIII Democrazia Cristiana 16/07/1953 17/08/1953 32
8 Pella I Democrazia Cristiana 17/08/1953 18/01/1954 154
9 Fanfani I Democrazia Cristiana 18/01/1954 10/02/1954 23
10 Scelba I Democrazia Cristiana 10/02/1954 06/07/1955 511
11 Segni I Democrazia Cristiana 06/07/1955 19/05/1957 683
12 Zoli I Democrazia Cristiana 19/05/1957 01/07/1958 408
13 Fanfani II Democrazia Cristiana 01/07/1958 15/02/1959 229
14 Segni II Democrazia Cristiana 15/02/1959 25/03/1960 404
15 Tambroni I Democrazia Cristiana 25/03/1960 26/07/1960 123
16 Fanfani III Democrazia Cristiana 26/07/1960 21/02/1962 575
17 Fanfani IV Democrazia Cristiana 21/02/1962 21/06/1963 485
18 Leone I Democrazia Cristiana 21/06/1963 04/12/1963 166
19 Moro I Democrazia Cristiana 04/12/1963 22/07/1964 231
20 Moro II Democrazia Cristiana 22/07/1964 23/02/1966 581
21 Moro III Democrazia Cristiana 23/02/1966 24/06/1968 852
22 Leone II Democrazia Cristiana 24/06/1968 12/12/1968 171
23 Rumor I Democrazia Cristiana 12/12/1968 05/08/1969 236
24 Rumor II Democrazia Cristiana 05/08/1969 27/03/1970 234
25 Rumor III Democrazia Cristiana 27/03/1970 06/08/1970 132
26 Colombo I Democrazia Cristiana 06/08/1970 17/02/1972 560
27 Andreotti I Democrazia Cristiana 17/02/1972 26/06/1972 130
28 Andreotti II Democrazia Cristiana 26/06/1972 07/07/1973 376
29 Rumor IV Democrazia Cristiana 07/07/1973 14/03/1974 250
30 Rumor V Democrazia Cristiana 14/03/1974 23/11/1974 254
31 Moro IV Democrazia Cristiana 23/11/1974 12/02/1976 446
32 Moro V Democrazia Cristiana 12/02/1976 29/07/1976 168
33 Andreotti III Democrazia Cristiana 29/07/1976 11/03/1978 590
34 Andreotti IV Democrazia Cristiana 11/03/1978 20/03/1979 374
35 Andreotti V Democrazia Cristiana 20/03/1979 04/08/1979 137
36 Cossiga I Democrazia Cristiana 04/08/1979 04/04/1980 244
37 Cossiga II Democrazia Cristiana 04/04/1980 18/10/1980 197
38 Forlani I Democrazia Cristiana 18/10/1980 28/06/1981 253
39 Spadolini I Partito Repubblicano Italiano 28/06/1981 23/08/1982 421
40 Spadolini II Partito Repubblicano Italiano 23/08/1982 01/12/1982 100
41 Fanfani V Democrazia Cristiana 01/12/1982 04/08/1983 246
42 Craxi I Partito Socialista Italiano 04/08/1983 01/08/1986 1.093
43 Craxi II Partito Socialista Italiano 01/08/1986 17/04/1987 259
44 Fanfani VI Democrazia Cristiana 17/04/1987 28/07/1987 102
45 Goria I Democrazia Cristiana 28/07/1987 13/04/1988 260
46 De Mita I Democrazia Cristiana 13/04/1988 22/07/1989 465
47 Andreotti VI Democrazia Cristiana 22/07/1989 12/04/1991 629
48 Andreotti VII Democrazia Cristiana 12/04/1991 28/06/1992 443
49 Amato I Partito Socialista Italiano 28/06/1992 28/04/1993 304
50 Ciampi I Independent / technocrat 28/04/1993 10/05/1994 377
51 Berlusconi I Forza Italia 10/05/1994 17/01/1995 252
52 Dini I Independent / technocrat 17/01/1995 17/05/1996 486
53 Prodi I L'Ulivo 17/05/1996 21/10/1998 887
54 D'Alema I Democratici di Sinistra 21/10/1998 22/12/1999 427
55 D'Alema II Democratici di Sinistra 22/12/1999 25/04/2000 125
56 Amato II Independent / technocrat 25/04/2000 10/06/2001 411
57 Berlusconi II Forza Italia 10/06/2001 23/04/2005 1.413
58 Berlusconi III Forza Italia 23/04/2005 17/05/2006 389
59 Prodi II L'Ulivo 17/05/2006 07/05/2008 721
60 Berlusconi IV Il Popolo della Libertà 07/05/2008 16/11/2011 1.288
61 Monti I Independent / technocrat 16/11/2011 28/04/2013 529
62 Letta I Partito Democratico 28/04/2013 21/02/2014 299
63 Renzi I Partito Democratico 21/02/2014 12/12/2016 1.025
64 Gentiloni I Partito Democratico 12/12/2016 31/05/2018 535
65 Conte I Independent / technocrat 31/05/2018 04/09/2019 461
66 Conte II Independent / technocrat 04/09/2019 12/02/2021 527
67 Draghi I Independent / technocrat 12/02/2021 21/10/2022 616
68 Meloni I Fratelli d'Italia 21/10/2022 in office 1.475

Dates are the Chamber's (decree of appointment); the Presidency counts from the oath, a day later, so its day counts differ by one.