✶ Coalitions · DPR 2024–2029 · as of 5 November 2026
A big tent,
one bench outside.
A President does not need a majority to govern — ministers serve at the President's pleasure and there is no confidence vote. Majorities matter for laws, budgets and the Constitution. After 2024 Prabowo Subianto drew seven of the eight DPR parties into his camp, 470 of 580 seats. Only PDI-P, with 110, stays outside.
Build a bloc · eight parties, 580 seats
How far does
the bloc reach?
Tap parties in or out, or start from a preset. The bars show the bloc against every threshold the Constitution sets for the DPR and the MPR.
0of 580 DPR seats
Bars assume every member attends and every party votes as a bloc. Quorums are shown where the Constitution sets one; with fewer members present, the two-thirds-of-those-present rules need fewer votes.
Every minimal 291-seat majority (no party could leave without losing it)
Seats: KPU decree 360/2024 and the seat-allocation decrees, as in the seat lab. Camp from party and press sources (parties.ts); there is no formal coalition agreement on record.
The numbers that matter · UUD 1945 Arts. 7B, 20, 37
Thresholds,
in seats.
-
291
A DPR majority
More than half of 580. When consensus (musyawarah untuk mufakat) fails, a bill's level-II decision goes to a vote by majority (UU 12/2011 Art. 69(2)); a bloc of 291 carries any such vote however many attend.
-
387
Two thirds of the DPR
A bloc this size can carry an impeachment petition on its own: the petition needs two thirds of those present at a sitting of at least two thirds (387) — 258 votes at the minimum quorum, 387 with everyone present (Art. 7B(3)).
-
244 · 488 · 367
Amending the Constitution
In the 732-member MPR (DPR plus 152 DPD): a proposal needs one third, 244 members; the session needs two thirds present, 488; adoption needs 50% plus one of all members, 367 (Art. 37(1)–(4)). The unitary state itself cannot be amended (37(5)). Staying away works as a veto: 245 absentees deny the quorum.
-
549
Removing a President
After the Constitutional Court upholds the charge, the MPR decides at a sitting of at least three quarters of members, 549, by two thirds of those present: 366 votes at the minimum, 488 if all 732 attend (Art. 7B(7)). The full procedure →
Arithmetic: src/lib/indonesia/coalition.ts, from the constitutional text. UUD 1945 (MK edition) ↗
Presidential nomination · UU 7/2017 Art. 222 → MK 62/PUU-XXII/2024
Twenty per cent,
then nothing.
Only parties nominate presidential pairs (UUD Art. 6A(2)). Until 2024, Art. 222 let a party or coalition do so only with 20% of DPR seats or 25% of the national DPR vote — at the previous election. For 2024 that meant the 2019 result: 115 of 575 seats, or 25% of 139.971.260 votes. One party, PDI-P, cleared it alone; everyone else had to combine, and in the end three pairs stood.
On 2 January 2025 the Constitutional Court struck Art. 222 down in full, after more than 30 failed challenges. Every participating party may nominate a pair. The court set guidelines for lawmakers: no percentage threshold; coalitions must not be so large they limit choice; a party that nominates no one may be barred from the next election; changes need meaningful public participation. Not yet written into law (Nov 2026).
Ruling 62/PUU-XXII/2024 (PDF, mkri.id) ↗ · UU 7/2017 Art. 222 ↗
- PDI-P 128 yes
- Golkar 85 no
- Gerindra 78 no
- NasDem 59 no
- PKB 58 no
- Demokrat 54 no
- PKS 50 no
- PAN 44 no
- PPP 19 no
Seats in the 2019–2024 DPR (575); the line marks 115 (20%). Scale to 30%. 2019 figures from Wikipedia (secondary).
| No. | Pair | Nominating parties | 2019 seats | 2019 vote | Met 20% / 25%? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |   Anies Baswedan – Muhaimin Iskandar | NasDemPKBPKS | 167 (29,0%) | 27,0% | Yes |
| 2 |   Prabowo Subianto – Gibran Rakabuming Raka | GerindraGolkarPANDemokratPBBGeloraGarudaPSI | 261 (45,4%) | 42,7% | Yes |
| 3 |   Ganjar Pranowo – Mahfud MD | PDI-PPPPHanuraPerindo | 147 (25,6%) | 28,1% | Yes |
Nominating coalitions as registered with the KPU in 2023 and widely reported (the KPU decree itself was not read here; †). Parties without 2019 seats count only for the vote share. Photos: KPU candidate portraits and others on Wikimedia Commons.
Photos: All public domain. Via Wikimedia Commons.
The 2024 result under Art. 6A(3)
Majority
and spread.
A first-round win needs more than half the national vote and at least 20% in more than half the provinces. Prabowo Subianto and Gibran Rakabuming Raka took 58,59% and cleared 20% in 38 of 38 provinces; 20 were needed. No run-off was held.
KPU decree 360/2024 by province; check in src/lib/indonesia/coalition.ts presidentialWinner. With only two pairs the spread test does not apply (MK 50/PUU-XII/2014).
- Prabowo Subianto – Gibran Rakabuming Raka 58,59% · ≥20% in 38 provinces
- Anies Rasyid Baswedan – Abdul Muhaimin Iskandar 24,95% · ≥20% in 22 provinces
- Ganjar Pranowo – Mohammad Mahfud MD 16,47% · ≥20% in 9 provinces
The big tent · Koalisi Indonesia Maju Plus
Government
without opposition.
Prabowo ran in 2024 with the Advanced Indonesia Coalition (KIM): Gerindra, Golkar, PAN and Demokrat with four smaller parties. After he won, the parties that had backed Anies — NasDem, PKB and PKS — came over too, and the enlarged bloc became known as KIM Plus.
Indonesian politics has no formal opposition role: no shadow cabinet and no leader of the opposition. PDI-P, the largest party and the holder of the Speaker's chair, calls itself a penyeimbang, a balancing force, rather than an opposition. Its 110 seats are short of every blocking threshold on their own — 366 MPR votes would be needed to defeat an amendment if all attend, and 245 absentees to deny its quorum.
- PDI-P 110 outside · penyeimbang
- Golkar 102 government camp
- Gerindra 86 government camp
- NasDem 69 government camp
- PKB 68 government camp
- PKS 53 government camp
- PAN 48 government camp
- Demokrat 44 government camp
Cabinet membership by party is not compiled here; see the full cabinet. Party positions: parties.ts (party and press sources).